2024-04-23 09:41:23

Business Assessment for Waste Thermal Plant Incinerator in Krakow

Vinco Innovation has prepared this report in response to a request from Krakowski Holding Komunalny S.A. W Krakowie, as part of our commitment to our project titled “Gaining Insight and Know-How from Norway on CCS and CCU Solutions for Waste Thermal Plant Incinerator in Krakow.” This project is supported by the Fund for Bilateral Relations within EEA and Norway Grants 2014 – 2021.

The primary objective of this report was to delve into the business dynamics of CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage) projects, focusing on the key factors contributing to their success. To achieve this goal, we adopted a multi-dimensional approach, analyzing projects and literature from four distinct perspectives: economic, organizational, legal, and environmental.

Commercialization of an idea, product or service

Economic challenges

Sustainability, reporting, externalities, stakeholders, SMEs

Organisational challenges

Legal challenges

Environmental challenges

Economic challenges

From an economic perspective, various configurations of project types, ownership structures, and economic justifications have been examined. Historically, the traditional full-chain model has prevailed in CCUS development, but there is a noticeable shift towards innovative part-chain models. These models engage specialized entities dedicated to specific segments of the CCUS value chain, frequently aligned with the rise of CCUS hubs. The potential for integrating the incineration plant within these industrial hubs has been assessed, alongside the identification of primary funding sources and revenue streams.

Organisational challenges

On the organizational front, we have mapped out different project structures and development processes employed by past and ongoing CCUS initiatives. This analysis underscores the profound influence of chosen business models on project structure, alongside the implications of ownership types, whether sole or multi-party, which necessitate distinct legal and structural frameworks.

Legal challenges

Turning to the legal perspective, our examination has highlighted challenges at both international and national levels. Internationally, while the CCS Directive provides a foundational framework, inconsistencies in its implementation across member states can impede progress. Addressing this requires enhanced trans-boundary regulatory cooperation. On a national level, our focus on Poland reveals regulatory alignments with the EU CCS Directive. Nonetheless, specific regulatory hurdles persist, including gaps in regulations concerning commercial transport and carbon dioxide sequestration.

Environmental challenges

For the environmental impact, we have evaluated potential benefits, risks, and mitigation strategies by drawing on insights from previous projects on CCS implementation. This assessment outlines the environmental impact that CCS can lead to in securing a sustainable integration of the technology. implications of ownership types, whether sole or multi-party, which necessitate distinct legal and structural frameworks.

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